The Punganur is distinctive Indian cattle breed that has witnessed a decline in purity due to uncontrolled cross- breeding practices. This study aims to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic status of Punganur cattle by analyzing the mtDNA D-loop region. mtDNA D-loop sequences generated from 47 individuals belonging to Punganur breed. cattle similar to Punganur breed. https://excellentphoto.shop/product-category/calculator/